Research

Torture and Impunity in India: Case Studies of Custodial Torture Against Muslims
May 2025

This report documents individual cases of custodial torture and deaths in India, especially against Muslim minorities, to share the lived experiences of and impact on survivors. In the process, the report also audits the existing domestic legal framework for torture prevention, such as it is, for its efficacy in preventing torture and enabling justice for victims and accountability for perpetrators.

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Stop JCB’s Bulldozer Genocide
(co-published with South Asia Solidarity Group, Nijjor Manush, South Asians for Palestine)
January 2025

This report by a coalition of groups examines the role of British construction company JCB in human rights violations across Palestine, India and Kashmir. It details the use of JCB’s bulldozers by respective state authorities to conduct widespread demolitions, carried out in an arbitrary and discriminatory manner, in violation of international human rights law and relevant domestic law, and causing significant economic and mental harm to the affected residents. The report also highlights JCB’s failure to take necessary actions to address the adverse human rights impacts arising from the use of its products in these ‘punitive demolitions’.

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Campaign social media page: instagram.com/stopjcb

Perception of Judicial Independence and Impartiality at the Indian Supreme Court
(co-published with Guernica 37 Group)
December 2024

Using the appearance-of-bias standard, this report examines how and to what extent a reasonable observer may perceive judicial independence and impartiality, based on emblematic cases before the Supreme Court of India as well as the conduct of judges inside and outside of the courtroom.

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Preventive Detention under the Indian National Security Act, 1980, and Its Compatibility with International Human Rights Law
(co-published with Guernica 37 Group)
November 2024

Analysis of the compatibility of India’s National Security Act, 1980, with international human rights law standards, and how it is prone to be misused to target minorities and activists.

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Risk of Atrocities in India: An Assessment Based on UN Framework of Analysis for Atrocity Crimes
December 2023

Using the UN Framework of Analysis for Atrocity Crimes, this report aims to document and analyse the potential risk of mass atrocity crimes against religious minorities in India, in the run-up to the 2024 General Election.


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Submissions to Treaty Bodies
SUBMISSIONS TO SPECIAL PROCEDURES

In the lead up to India’s 2024 General Election (April-June, 2024), we tracked incitement and serious hate speech against religious minorities, with the aim of developing data on intensity, severity and content of hate speech, over time and geography, and reporting trends. Our findings are available here.

In the future, incitement and serious hate speech will be covered in quarterly editions of our India Persecution Tracker.